Triple Divide Solutions, Inc.  ·  Bigfork, Montana

Randy R. Reibel

Measuring how knowledge systems accumulate, compress, and saturate.

Independent researcher developing information-theoretic tools to measure how scientific knowledge accumulates, compresses, and saturates over time. Previously founder and CEO of Blackmore Sensors and Analytics (acquired by Aurora Innovation, 2019) and VP of Lidar at Aurora. PhD in Optical Physics, Montana State University.

Randy R. Reibel

Knowledge as a communications path.

Knowledge, viewed through a signal-processing lens, is a communications path between the past and the present. Scientific fields, software ecosystems, biological taxa, and patent catalogs each accumulate structure and extract information about their underlying reality. They should exhibit measurable signatures of saturation as the large eigenvalues are captured and diminishing returns set in.

The research program is empirical. ArXiv papers, Wikipedia articles, GitHub commit histories, and IETF standards are parsed, embedded, and compressed using complementary techniques: principal component analysis on sentence-transformer embeddings, perplexity-based marginal information from from-scratch GPT-2 training, low-rank adaptation of pretrained models, gzip baselines, and sparse autoencoder feature counting. Each technique captures a different property of structural regularity.

Across seven ArXiv fields, the marginal information per token converges toward a shared floor typically below 0.25 bits. High-energy theoretical physics sits anomalously low, near 0.07 bits. Forthcoming in Scientometrics

The framework has consequences beyond scientometrics. If knowledge systems saturate, the intelligence explosion has a ceiling. If diminishing returns on mined information are universal, the Fermi Paradox admits an information-theoretic resolution: advanced civilizations may rationally stop expanding once the energy cost of extracting new mutual information exceeds the value of what remains to be found.

A thirty-year through-line.

The research program is new. The underlying question is not. For three decades, across physics research and lidar commercialization, Reibel has worked on a single problem in different forms: how signal gets extracted from noise, and where the fundamental limits lie. The substrate changed. The instinct did not.

He earned a combined B.S. in Physics and Computer Science from Western Washington University in 1996 before pursuing optics at Montana State University, where he joined Randy Babbitt's lab working on photon echoes and spatial-spectral holography in rare-earth-doped crystals. His 2002 PhD thesis demonstrated high-bandwidth optical coherent transient true-time delay, a technique for steering phased-array radars across extreme bandwidths using Tm:YAG crystals cooled with liquid helium.

After a postdoctoral stint at the U.S. Air Force Academy working on high-energy lasers and holographic wavefront sensing, Reibel returned to Bozeman to co-found S2 Corporation, commercializing spatial-spectral holography for wideband radar signal processing. He and colleague Pete Roos co-founded Bridger Photonics in 2006 to commercialize ultra-linear chirped laser sources. At Bridger he also developed computational imaging techniques for lidar, using compressed sensing to reconstruct high-resolution imagery from sparse measurements.

In 2015, Reibel spun FMCW lidar technology out of Bridger into Blackmore Sensors and Analytics, recognizing that autonomous vehicles needed what coherent lidar uniquely offered: continuous low-peak-power operation, simultaneous range and velocity measurement, and effective immunity to interference. Blackmore pioneered the commercial positioning of FMCW lidar and attracted strategic investment from BMW, Toyota, and FLIR. In 2019, the company was acquired by Aurora Innovation, where Reibel served as VP of Lidar through the Uber ATG integration and the company's transition to a public entity. He stepped away from industry in 2022.

Signal extraction, in many forms.

Curated from a full publication record of 60+ peer-reviewed papers and conference proceedings.

Lidar and Coherent Imaging
LADAR: frequency-modulated, continuous wave laser detection and ranging
J. Anderson, R. Massaro, J. Curry, R. Reibel, J. Nelson, J. Edwards
Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing  ·  83, 721–727  ·  2017
Three dimensional digital holographic aperture synthesis
S. Crouch, B. M. Kaylor, Z. W. Barber, R. R. Reibel
Optics Express  ·  23, 23811–23816  ·  2015
Characterization of an actively linearized ultrabroadband chirped laser with a fiber-laser optical frequency comb
Z. W. Barber, F. R. Giorgetta, P. A. Roos, I. Coddington, J. R. Dahl, R. R. Reibel, N. Greenfield, N. R. Newbury
Optics Letters  ·  36, 1152–1154  ·  2011
Accuracy of active chirp linearization for broadband frequency modulated continuous wave ladar
Z. W. Barber, W. R. Babbitt, B. Kaylor, R. R. Reibel, P. A. Roos
Applied Optics  ·  49, 213–219  ·  2010
Ultrabroadband optical chirp linearization for precision metrology applications
P. A. Roos, R. R. Reibel, T. Berg, B. Kaylor, Z. W. Barber, W. R. Babbitt
Optics Letters  ·  34, 3692–3694  ·  2009
Coherent Transients and Spectral Holography
Observation of the geometric phase using photon echoes
M. Tian, R. R. Reibel, Z. W. Barber, J. A. Fischer, W. R. Babbitt
Physical Review A  ·  67, 011403  ·  2003
Coherent integration of 0.5 GHz spectral holograms at 1536 nm using dynamic biphase codes
Z. Cole, T. Böttger, R. K. Mohan, R. Reibel, W. R. Babbitt, R. L. Cone, K. D. Merkel
Applied Physics Letters  ·  81, 3525–3527  ·  2002
Demonstration of optical coherent transient true-time delay at 4 Gbits/s
M. Tian, R. Reibel, W. R. Babbitt
Optics Letters  ·  26, 1143–1145  ·  2001
Full publication list on Google Scholar

Sixteen issued or pending.

Spanning work at Montana State University, USAF, Bridger Photonics, Blackmore Sensors and Analytics, and Aurora Innovation.

Aurora Innovation
Systems and methods for pulsed-wave LIDAR
US 11,029,395 B1  ·  Issued 2021
Coherent signal combining with multiple-outputs for quasi-CW lidar operation
US 2021/0278513 A1  ·  Application 2021
Blackmore Sensors and Analytics
Method and system for Doppler detection and Doppler correction of optical chirped range detection
US 2019/0310372 A1  ·  Application 2019
Method and system for classification of an object in a point cloud data set
US 2019/0370614 A1  ·  Application 2019
Method and system for three dimensional digital holographic aperture synthesis
US 2016/0377724 A1  ·  Application 2016
Bridger Photonics
Precise broadband frequency modulated laser
US 2012/0106579 A1  ·  Application 2012
Earlier Work
Holographic wavefront sensor
US 7,268,937 B1  ·  Issued 2007
Full patent list on Google Patents
© Randy R. Reibel  ·  Triple Divide Solutions, Inc.
Set in Fraunces & Inter